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The jet quality has a significant influence on the efficiency of Pelton turbines, easily 1 to 2 % can be lost due to poor jet quality.
Many of the older Pelton turbines have been renewed, but only a minority have had their inlets replaced. For this reason, it was important to assess the potential for improvement of the Swiss Pelton turbines in connection with the jet quality and to investigate the most important factors influencing the jet quality in laboratory and field tests. Since the upstream elements significantly influence the jet deformations, a series of numerical flow simulations were carried out and these were validated with jet measurements in the laboratory.